Beit Hamikdash

In a technical sense, before its destruction in 70 CE, was the Jerusalem Temple the only proper place to "worship" the LORD? (From what I understand, it was the only acceptable place to offer a sacrifice.) When Jewish people today gather at synagogue, do they gather to "worship," or would it be better to say that it is a time for study and community? Thank you.

What are cherubim? What is their purpose? And what do they teach us?

Were sacrifices offered in the Temple on the Sabbath?

Was the Western Wall underground in the era of the Christian messiah?

How often would the High Priest enter the Holy of Holies? And when he did enter, did he speak inside?

Did O.T. Hebrew women offer sacrifices at the same place as the men in the court of the men?